Benign Breast Conditions

What does the word 'benign' mean?

The word 'benign' is used to describe many breast conditions; 'benign' simply means not cancer and there will be no spread.

Although people are usually very relieved to be told they do not have cancer, they often want more information about what has been found, and an explanation about other benign conditions that occur in the breast.  The names, which are often given to 'benign' breast conditions, can be complicated and confusing - here are some explanations, as given below.

Fibrocystic Disease 

This is one of the most common non-cancerous conditions, with many doctors now seeing it as part of a 'normal' process rather than as a disease of the breast. It may be called several other names:

• Adenosis
• Fibrosing Adenosis
• Cystic Mastitis
• Mastodynia
• Mastalgia

Fibroadenoma

• A firm, smooth, non-cancerous lump of fibrous tissue in the breast (often described as like a piece of gristle), more common in younger women.
•  The lump does not change in size during the menstrual cycle and is usually harmless and painless.
• There may be only one or several lumps in the breast. 

Cyst

• A cyst is a non-cancerous fluid filled lump and is the most common sort of breast lump. A cyst may be tiny or large.
• Some women have only one while others have many. Women may also get more than one cyst over a number of years.
• Cysts are thought to occur because of hormonal changes and usually disappear after the menopause. 

Duct Ectasia

• This is a non-cancerous condition, which is more common in older women, and is the inflammation of milk ducts in one or both breasts. It is sometimes painful and there is often a discharge from the nipple. There may also be a hard, lumpy feeling underneath the nipple. 

Intraductal Papilloma 

• This is a tiny, non-cancerous growth (like a wart), which grows in a milk duct. Usually there is no lump to feel but because the duct is blocked it may produce a discharge from the nipple. This may be watery, green or blood stained. 

Words you will hear

• Tumour - Any abnormal swelling or growth, which may be either benign or malignant.
• Benign - Non-cancerous, does not spread.
• Malignant - A cancerous growth is a danger to health and needs treatment.
• Biopsy - A biopsy involves taking a small piece of the inside of the breast for examination. It is the most accurate way of deciding if there is a problem or not.
• Ducts - The tubes inside the breast, which are used to carry milk.

Remember....

If you find a lump or other change, make an appointment to see your doctor as soon as possible.

If you need further information or advice please contact:

NHS Direct Tel: 0845 46 47